Thermodynamics (Chemical Perspective) – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 13. What is an isothermal process?

   • A. A process where temperature remains constant
   • B. A process where pressure remains constant
   • C. A process where volume remains constant
   • D. A process where heat transfer is zero

2. 14. What is an isobaric process?

   • A. A process where temperature remains constant
   • B. A process where pressure remains constant
   • C. A process where volume remains constant
   • D. A process where heat transfer is zero

3. 15. What is an isochoric (or isometric) process?

   • A. A process where temperature remains constant
   • B. A process where pressure remains constant
   • C. A process where volume remains constant
   • D. A process where heat transfer is zero

4. 16. What is an adiabatic process?

   • A. A process where temperature remains constant
   • B. A process where pressure remains constant
   • C. A process where volume remains constant
   • D. A process where no heat is exchanged with the surroundings

5. 17. What is a reversible process?

   • A. A process that can be reversed without leaving any change in the surroundings
   • B. A process that is impossible to reverse
   • C. A process that always occurs spontaneously
   • D. A process that generates a lot of heat

6. 18. What is an irreversible process?

   • A. A process that cannot be reversed without leaving any change in the surroundings
   • B. A process that always occurs spontaneously
   • C. A process that produces no heat
   • D. A process that is impossible to stop

7. 19. What is the relationship between ΔG and the equilibrium constant K?

   • A. ΔG° = -RT ln K
   • B. ΔG° = RT ln K
   • C. ΔG° = K / (RT)
   • D. ΔG° = K * RT

8. 20. What does a positive ΔG indicate for a reaction?

   • A. The reaction is spontaneous
   • B. The reaction is non-spontaneous
   • C. The reaction is at equilibrium
   • D. The reaction is endothermic

9. 21. What does a negative ΔG indicate for a reaction?

   • A. The reaction is spontaneous
   • B. The reaction is non-spontaneous
   • C. The reaction is at equilibrium
   • D. The reaction is exothermic

10. 22. What does ΔG = 0 indicate for a reaction?

    • A. The reaction is spontaneous
    • B. The reaction is non-spontaneous
    • C. The reaction is at equilibrium
    • D. The reaction is reversible

11. 23. What is chemical potential (μ)?

    • A. The partial molar Gibbs free energy of a substance in a mixture
    • B. The total Gibbs free energy of a system
    • C. The energy associated with a phase change
    • D. The energy of a chemical bond

12. 24. What is fugacity?

    • A. A concept that replaces partial pressure in the thermodynamic analysis of real gases to allow the use of equations derived for ideal gases
    • B. A measure of pressure
    • C. A measure of concentration in liquids
    • D. A measure of activity in solids