Environmental Engineering – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 49. Which of the following is a common method for sludge dewatering?

   • A. Drying beds
   • B. Centrifugation
   • C. Filter presses
   • D. All of the above

2. 50. What is "Septic Tank"?

   • A. A community-scale wastewater treatment plant
   • B. A large municipal water storage tank
   • C. An underground wastewater treatment structure commonly used in rural areas
   • D. A facility for treating industrial waste

3. 51. The term "effluent" in wastewater treatment refers to:

   • A. Raw sewage
   • B. Treated wastewater discharged from a plant
   • C. Solid waste from the treatment process
   • D. Chemicals used in treatment

4. 52. What is the "Ozone Layer Depletion"?

   • A. Increase in ozone concentration
   • B. Thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere
   • C. Formation of new ozone
   • D. Movement of ozone to lower atmosphere

5. 53. Which pollutant causes "Blue Baby Syndrome" (Methemoglobinemia) in infants?

   • A. Lead
   • B. Arsenic
   • C. Nitrate
   • D. Fluoride

6. 54. What is "Smog"?

   • A. A type of cloud
   • B. A mixture of smoke and fog
   • C. A form of precipitation
   • D. A type of wind

7. 55. Which of the following is a primary air pollutant?

   • A. Sulfur dioxide
   • B. Ozone
   • C. Acid rain
   • D. Smog

8. 56. The "Greenhouse Effect" is:

   • A. A cooling effect
   • B. A natural process that warms the Earth's surface
   • C. A type of air pollution
   • D. A method of growing plants

9. 57. What is "Carbon Footprint"?

   • A. The total amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted due to human activities
   • B. The size of a carbon molecule
   • C. The amount of carbon in a living organism
   • D. The amount of carbon stored in the ground

10. 58. What is "Bioremediation"?

    • A. A process of chemical cleanup
    • B. Using living organisms to remove pollutants from contaminated sites
    • C. Burning waste
    • D. Burying waste

11. 59. Which waste management hierarchy principle is most preferred?

    • A. Disposal
    • B. Recovery
    • C. Prevention
    • D. Recycling

12. 60. What is "Landfill Gas"?

    • A. Gas used for vehicles
    • B. Gases produced from the decomposition of organic matter in landfills
    • C. Oxygen
    • D. Nitrogen