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Control Systems (ECE Perspective) – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

37. The frequency at which the phase angle of the open-loop transfer function is -180 degrees is called the:
- A. Phase crossover frequency
- B. Gain crossover frequency
- C. Resonant frequency
- D. Cut-off frequency
38. The time constant of a first-order system is the time it takes for the output to reach approximately ________ of its final value in response to a step input.
- A. 36.80%
- B. 63.20%
- C. 90%
- D. 100%
39. The settling time for a 2% criterion is approximately how many time constants for a first-order system?
- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4
- D. 5
40. The bandwidth of a control system is inversely proportional to its:
- A. Rise time
- B. Overshoot
- C. Settling time
- D. Steady-state error
41. A system with a transfer function H(s) = 1/s represents a/an:
- A. Integrator
- B. Differentiator
- C. Proportional element
- D. Delay
42. A system with a transfer function H(s) = s represents a/an:
- A. Integrator
- B. Differentiator
- C. Proportional element
- D. Delay
43. The sensitivity of the closed-loop transfer function to variations in the forward path gain is ________ than that of the open-loop system.
- A. Higher
- B. Lower
- C. Same
- D. Independent
44. The maximum overshoot in a step response is the maximum deviation of the output from its:
- A. Initial value
- B. Final value
- C. Average value
- D. Peak value
45. The transient response of a control system refers to its behavior:
- A. After a long time
- B. During the initial period after an input change
- C. At steady-state
- D. Due to external disturbances
46. The gain crossover frequency and phase crossover frequency are derived from the:
- A. Root locus plot
- B. Bode plot
- C. Nyquist plot
- D. Nichols chart
47. The purpose of a sensor in a feedback control system is to:
- A. Actuate the system
- B. Compare input and output
- C. Measure the output
- D. Provide the reference input
48. A control system that has a human operator in the loop is known as a:
- A. Automatic control system
- B. Manual control system
- C. Semiautomatic control system
- D. Hybrid control system

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Control Systems (ECE Perspective) – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

37. The frequency at which the phase angle of the open-loop transfer function is -180 degrees is called the:

38. The time constant of a first-order system is the time it takes for the output to reach approximately ________ of its final value in response to a step input.

39. The settling time for a 2% criterion is approximately how many time constants for a first-order system?

40. The bandwidth of a control system is inversely proportional to its:

41. A system with a transfer function H(s) = 1/s represents a/an:

42. A system with a transfer function H(s) = s represents a/an:

43. The sensitivity of the closed-loop transfer function to variations in the forward path gain is ________ than that of the open-loop system.

44. The maximum overshoot in a step response is the maximum deviation of the output from its:

45. The transient response of a control system refers to its behavior:

46. The gain crossover frequency and phase crossover frequency are derived from the:

47. The purpose of a sensor in a feedback control system is to:

48. A control system that has a human operator in the loop is known as a:

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