Process Calculations – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 13. If the degrees of freedom for a process are negative, it means:

   • A. The problem is over-specified (more equations than unknowns)
   • B. The problem is under-specified
   • C. The problem is uniquely solvable
   • D. The problem has infinite solutions

2. 14. What is specific gravity?

   • A. The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance (usually water at 4°C)
   • B. The density of a substance in SI units
   • C. The weight of a substance per unit volume
   • D. The mass of a substance per unit area

3. 15. What is molarity?

   • A. Moles of solute per liter of solvent
   • B. Moles of solute per liter of solution
   • C. Grams of solute per liter of solution
   • D. Moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

4. 16. What is molality?

   • A. Moles of solute per liter of solution
   • B. Moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
   • C. Grams of solute per kilogram of solution
   • D. Moles of solvent per kilogram of solute

5. 17. What is normality?

   • A. Gram equivalent weight of solute per liter of solution
   • B. Moles of solute per liter of solution
   • C. Grams of solute per liter of solution
   • D. Moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

6. 18. What is mass fraction (or weight fraction)?

   • A. Mass of component divided by total moles
   • B. Moles of component divided by total mass
   • C. Mass of component divided by total mass of mixture
   • D. Volume of component divided by total volume

7. 19. What is mole fraction?

   • A. Moles of component divided by total mass
   • B. Mass of component divided by total moles
   • C. Moles of component divided by total moles of mixture
   • D. Volume of component divided by total volume

8. 20. What is partial pressure?

   • A. The pressure exerted by a single component in a mixture of gases
   • B. The total pressure of the gas mixture
   • C. The pressure at the bottom of a liquid
   • D. The pressure of a solid

9. 21. What is Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures?

   • A. The total pressure of a mixture of non-reacting gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases
   • B. The volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature
   • C. The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional
   • D. The rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass

10. 22. What is Amagat's Law of Partial Volumes?

    • A. The total volume of a mixture of non-reacting gases is equal to the sum of the partial volumes of the individual gases
    • B. The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of partial pressures
    • C. The density of a gas is inversely proportional to its temperature
    • D. The mass of a mixture is the sum of component masses

11. 23. What is the ideal gas law?

    • A. PV = nRT
    • B. P1V1 = P2V2
    • C. V1/T1 = V2/T2
    • D. P/T = constant

12. 24. What is absolute humidity?

    • A. Mass of water vapor per unit mass of dry air
    • B. Mass of water vapor per unit mass of moist air
    • C. Volume of water vapor per unit volume of dry air
    • D. Percentage of water in air