Classes and Objects – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 13. What are instance methods?

   • A. Methods declared with the `static` keyword
   • B. Methods that operate on the class itself
   • C. Methods that operate on a specific object of the class
   • D. Methods that are automatically executed

2. 14. How do you access an instance variable of an object?

   • A. Using the class name followed by the variable name
   • B. Directly by the variable name
   • C. Using the object name followed by the dot operator and the variable name
   • D. Using a special getter method always

3. 15. How do you call an instance method of an object?

   • A. Using the class name followed by the method name
   • B. Directly by the method name
   • C. Using the object name followed by the dot operator and the method name
   • D. Using a special invoker method always

4. 16. What are static variables (or class variables)?

   • A. Variables declared within a method
   • B. Variables declared outside any method but within the class with the `static` keyword
   • C. Variables that are unique to each object
   • D. Variables passed as arguments to a method

5. 17. What are static methods (or class methods)?

   • A. Methods that operate on a specific object
   • B. Methods that are declared without the `static` keyword
   • C. Methods that belong to the class itself and can be called using the class name
   • D. Methods that can only access instance variables

6. 18. How do you access a static variable?

   • A. Using the object name followed by the variable name
   • B. Directly by the variable name
   • C. Using the class name followed by the dot operator and the variable name
   • D. It cannot be accessed directly

7. 19. How do you call a static method?

   • A. Using the object name followed by the method name
   • B. Directly by the method name
   • C. Using the class name followed by the dot operator and the method name
   • D. It cannot be called directly

8. 20. What is method overloading?

   • A. Defining multiple methods in a class with the same name but different parameter lists
   • B. Defining a method in a subclass
   • C. Calling a method from another class
   • D. Defining a method with default parameters

9. 21. What is method overriding?

   • A. Defining a method in a subclass with the same name and parameter list as a method in its superclass
   • B. Defining multiple methods with the same name
   • C. Calling a method of the superclass
   • D. Defining a static method

10. 22. What is the purpose of the `final` keyword when applied to a class?

    • A. It prevents the class from being instantiated
    • B. It prevents the class from being subclassed (inherited)
    • C. It makes all methods in the class final
    • D. It makes all variables in the class final

11. 23. What is the purpose of the `final` keyword when applied to a method?

    • A. It prevents the method from being overridden in a subclass
    • B. It makes the method static
    • C. It prevents the method from being called
    • D. It makes the method abstract

12. 24. What is the purpose of the `final` keyword when applied to a variable?

    • A. It makes the variable static
    • B. It makes the variable abstract
    • C. It makes the variable a constant (its value cannot be changed after initialization)
    • D. It prevents the variable from being accessed